使用 Espresso 进行测试 - 第 2 部分（Espresso 和边缘案例）

      // click on 3rd position
// where the type of data source is string
onData(allOf(is(instanceOf(String.class)))).atPosition(2).perform(click());

// select view with text "item 3"
onData(allOf(is(instanceOf(String.class)), is("item 3"))).perform(click());
    

      // verify the visibility of recycler view on screen
onView(withId(R.id.news_frag_recycler_list)).check(matches(isDisplayed()));
// perform click on view at 3rd position in RecyclerView
onView(withId(R.id.news_frag_recycler_list))
  .perform(RecyclerViewActions.actionOnItemAtPosition(3, click()));
    

      ActivityTestRule(SingleActivityFactory<T> activityFactory, boolean initialTouchMode, boolean launchActivity)
    

      @Rule
public ActivityTestRule<MainActivity> activityTestRule =
  new ActivityTestRule<MainActivity>(MainActivity.class,true,false /*lazy launch activity*/){
    @Override
    protected Intent getActivityIntent() {
      /*added predefined intent data*/
      Intent intent = new Intent();
      intent.putExtra("key","value");
      return intent;
    }
  };

@Test
public void customizeIntent(){
    // note instead of null, an intent object can be passed
    activityTestRule.launchActivity(null);
}
    

      @Before
public void grantPhonePermission() {
  // In M+, trying to call a number will trigger a runtime dialog. Make sure
  // the permission is granted before running this test.
  if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.M) {
    getInstrumentation().getUiAutomation().executeShellCommand(
      "pm grant " + getTargetContext().getPackageName()
      + " android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE");
  }
}
    

      @Rule
public ActivityTestRule<NewsActivity> activityTestRule =
        new ActivityTestRule<>(NewsActivity.class);


@Before
public void init(){
    Context context = InstrumentationRegistry.getTargetContext();
    SomeLib.initialize(context); // like fresco, firebase etc
}
    

      package com.pavneet_singh;

import static android.support.test.espresso.Espresso.onView;
import static android.support.test.espresso.action.ViewActions.click;
import static android.support.test.espresso.action.ViewActions.closeSoftKeyboard;
import static android.support.test.espresso.action.ViewActions.typeText;
import static android.support.test.espresso.matcher.RootMatchers.withDecorView;
import static android.support.test.espresso.matcher.ViewMatchers.isDisplayed;
import static android.support.test.espresso.matcher.ViewMatchers.withHint;
import static android.support.test.espresso.matcher.ViewMatchers.withId;
import static android.support.test.espresso.assertion.ViewAssertions.matches;
import static android.support.test.espresso.matcher.ViewMatchers.withText;
import android.support.test.espresso.contrib.RecyclerViewActions;
import android.support.test.filters.LargeTest;
import android.support.test.rule.ActivityTestRule;
import android.support.test.runner.AndroidJUnit4;
import org.junit.Rule;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import com.pavneet_singh.espressotestingdemo.R;

@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)
public class MainActivityTest {
  // To launch the mentioned activity under testing
  @Rule
  public ActivityTestRule<MainActivity> mActivityRule =
      new ActivityTestRule<>(MainActivity.class);

  @Test
  public void testButtonClick() {
    // enter name
    onView(withId(R.id.editTextName)).perform(typeText("Pavneet"), closeSoftKeyboard());
    // clear text
    onView(withText("Clear")).perform(click());

    // check hint visibility after the text is cleared
    onView(withId(R.id.editTextName)).check(matches(withHint("Enter Name")));
    onView(withId(R.id.editTextName)).check(matches(isDisplayed()));
    onView(withId(R.id.editTextName))
      .perform(RecyclerViewActions.actionOnItemAtPosition(3, click()));
    // check toast visibility
    onView(withText("Pavneet Toast")).
      inRoot(withDecorView(not(is(activity.getWindow().getDecorView())))).
      check(matches(isDisplayed()));
    }
}
    

      // check view exists in current layout hierarchy
onView(withId(R.id.view_id)).check(matches(withEffectiveVisibility(ViewMatchers.Visibility.VISIBLE)));
    

      @Rule
public ActivityTestRule<NewsActivity> activityTestRule =
  new ActivityTestRule<>(NewsActivity.class);

@Before
public void yourSetUPFragment() {
  activityTestRule.getActivity()
    .getFragmentManager().beginTransaction();
}
    

      onView(withId(R.id.editText)).perform(typeText("my text"), closeSoftKeyboard());
    

      public static ViewAction setTextInTextView(final String value){
  return new ViewAction() {
    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
    @Override
    public Matcher<View> getConstraints() {
      return allOf(isDisplayed(), isAssignableFrom(TextView.class));
//                                            ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
// To check that the found view is TextView or it's subclass like EditText
// so it will work for TextView and it's descendants  
    }

    @Override
    public void perform(UiController uiController, View view) {
        ((TextView) view).setText(value);
    }

    @Override
    public String getDescription() {
        return "replace text";
    }
  };
}
    

      onView(withId(R.id.textview_id))
  .perform(setTextInTextView("text input"));